① 北京大学物理学院大气与海洋科学系, 北京 100871;
② 中国气象局北京城市气象研究所, 北京 100089;
③ 中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029;
④ 中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所, 沈阳 110016;
⑤ Department of Physics, Atmospheric Sciences & General Science, Jackson State University, P O Box 17660, Jackson, MS, USA

为了检验中尺度模式MM5 和WRF 在大气边界层局地环流研究中的适用性, 本文应用MM5V3.7 和WRFV2.2 对北京地区低层大气中温度场和风场等边界层特征量进行了若干个例模拟, 将模拟结果与该区域19 个自动气象站的观测资料进行相关性检验和误差分析,比较两个中尺度模式对该地区大气边界层中存在的中尺度局地耦合环流结构的模拟能力.结果表明WRF 与MM5 对该地区由海陆风环流、山谷风环流和城市热岛环流共同作用形成的大气边界层局地耦合环流的位置、范围、结构特征和日变化特征的模拟均与实测结果较为吻合; WRF 和MM5 对近地面温度场的模拟精度均明显高于对近地面风场的模拟精度. MM5比WRF 对于地表热力过程的描述更加细致精确, 因而对该地区近地面温度场的模拟精度比WRF 略高. WRF 对近地面风场, 尤其是对阵风背景下的近地面风场结构有比MM5 更好的模拟能力. 另外, 模拟结果以及其统计分析均表明: WRF 与MM5 对近地面风场的模拟精确度均由城郊到市区逐渐降低, 反映了两种模式对城市复杂下垫面精细结构条件下的陆面过程的描述均有待进一步改进.

国家自然科学基金(批准号: 40875004)、中国气象局北京城市气象研究所城市气象科学研究基金(编号: UMRF200702)、科学技术部公益性行业专项(气象)科研专项基金(编号: GYHY200806020)、 国家科技支撑计划项目(编号: 2008BAC37B00)和中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项基金(编号: IUMKY200701)资助

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